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Alicia Alonso – Prima Ballerina Assoluta

Alicia Alonso, Alicia Ernestina de la Caridad del Cobre Martinez Hoya was born December 21, 1920

A year later she performed in public both for the first Tchaikovsky's Sleeping Beauty. Alonso danced in Cuba under the name of Alicia Martinez .– The rapid progress of the dancer in his classes experienced a delay abruptly in 1937 when 15, fell for a fellow ballet student, Fernando Alonso, whom he married. After his marriage, changed his surname by Alonso. The new couple moved to New York, hoping to start their career. They found a house with relatives in the Spanish Harlem section of the city. Alonso soon gave birth to a daughter, Laura, but managed to continue his training at the School of American Ballet and took private classes with Leon Fokine, Alexandra Fedorova, Enrico Zanfretta and Anatole Vilzak .- "Then, he organized a trip to London to study the renowned Vera Volkova .– Meanwhile, her husband joined the new Mordkin Ballet Company in New York. It was done to correct the problem and ordered to lie in bed motionless for three months to allow the eye to heal. in 1943 to start the reconstruction of their competence. However, before they had barely settled, out of nowhere, she was invited to dance "Giselle" to replace dancer Theater Ballet star injured. Alonso agreed and gave a performance that critics immediately declared her a star. She has been promoted to principal dancer the company in 1946 and danced the role of Giselle, until 1948, giving concerts in Swan Lake, Anthony Tudor Undertow (1943), Theme and Variations Balanchine (1947), and world premieres such as DeMille ballet legend dramatic fall of the river .-   (1948), which interprets the accused. In this period of his career, has developed a reputation as an intensely dramatic dancer and an ultra-pure technician and an interpreter highly skilled classical and romantic repertoire. Along with Youskevitch Alonson Association, have been repeatedly compared to that of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers.

Alicia was diagnosed with a defective eye and partially blind after turning 19. He soon had his partner are where they are expected. They are also used in different lights parts of the scene to guide as well.

After seeing the doctor for worsening vision problems, Alonso was diagnosed in 1941 with a detached retina .-

Unable to comply completely, Alonso practiced with her feet alone, pointing and stretching, as she said, "hold feet in life. "When the bandages came out, Alonso was dismayed that the operation had not been entirely successful. Doctors had performed a second surgery, but its failure led to the conclusion that the dancer would never be the peripheral vision.

Finally, Alonso agreed to a third procedure in Havana, but this time he was ordered to put completely still in bed for a whole year. He was not allowed to play with Laura, chew food too hard, laugh or mourn, or moving your head. Her husband sat with her every day, using your fingers to show her the great dancing roles of classical ballet. Women in History World Alonso later recalled of this period, "danced in my mind. Ciego motionless on his back, learned to dance Giselle."

Finally, be allowed to leave his bed, although dancing was still out of question. Instead, she walked with her dogs and, against orders physician, has been to study dance in the street every day to start practicing again. Then, when hope was returning, Alonso was injured when Hurricane destroyed a door in it, spraying glass fragments in the head and face. Surprisingly, the eyes were not injured. When his doctor saw him, he said Alonso to begin the dance, thinking that if I could survive an explosion of glass, dancing would do no harm.

Nearly mad with impatience, and even partially blind, Alonso went to New York

to find his own company, Alicia Alonso Ballet Company, he argued, with little financial support, the company that became the Ballet Nacional de Cuba .-

Youskevitch and other partners quickly became expert at helping Alonso hide his disability. To compensate only partial sight in one eye and no peripheral vision, the dancer trained their partners to be exactly where needed, without exception. It also had the designers install strong spotlights in different colors to serve as guides for their movements .– Alonso knew, for example, that if he got into the glare of spotlights in the front of the stage, became very close to the orchestra pit. There was also a thin wire is placed near the scene at waist height as another marker, but in general, danced in the arms of his teammates and was taken by point to point. The public would never know, for prima ballerina.

Alonso's desire to develop ballet in Cuba, carried back to Havana in 1948

Fernando was general director of the company, which was at that time consisted mainly of dancers from Ballet Theater temporarily unemployed due to a reorganization of New York. Fernando's brother Alberto, a choreographer, has served as artistic director of the Company-The company debuted briefly in the capital and then departed for a tour of South America .-. The performances were a hit with audiences everywhere, but Alonso was found the financing of the company with his savings, to maintain, despite donations from wealthy families and a small grant from the Ministry of Education of Cuba. in 1952 and then producing and starring in Giselle at the Paris Opera in 1953 .-

Meanwhile, she shuttled between Havana and New York to recruit the best teachers around the world to train his new student. It has remained much sought after dancer during this period of intense emotion, dance twice in Russia

Between 1955 and 1959, Alicia danced every year with the Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo as guest star. It was the first dancer in the Western Hemisphere that is produced in the Soviet Union and the U.S. representative dancing with the Bolshoi and Kirov Theaters of Moscow and Leningrad (Saint Petersburg) in 1957 and 1958 respectively. , North America, Southern and danced guest star on the Paris Opera, Royal Danish Ballet, the Bolshoi and other businesses. He directed his version of Giselle, Pas de Quatre, and beauty Sleepng Opera Pars .- Giselle were also conducted in the State Opera of Vienna and the Teatro San Carlo in Naples, Italy, La Fille Mal Gardée Prague State Opera, and Sleeping Beauty in Teatro alla Scala in Milan .-

Over the next decades, Alicia Alonso had toured the world with the cross-over Western and European countries East, Asia

In the mid 1950s, Alicia Alonso Ballet Company in a desperate situation financially and politically. A dictator, Fulgencio Batista

Forced work in nightclubs for a living, the dancers often do not have the energy to out to Alonso. As the dancer became increasingly vocal in his disdain for Batista, the regime offered five hundred dollars per month in perpetuity to stop their criticisms. Disgusted, doubled its 1956 school

Alonso Rojas has worked with Ballet until 1959, during which occurs in a 10-week tour of the Union Soviet

, Took control and was determined to crush the strong opposition to his rule. Backed by the island's financial infrastructure, the mafia, and interests U.S. trade, is ruthlessly suppressed any person who was in his way. "Declaring that all artists and intellectuals were left-wing supporters, which drastically cut what little funding that the Government had given Alonso Ballet and school tours. and joined the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo with Youskevitch., Dancing in Giselle, Chemin du Ballet de l'Opéra de Tonnerre of Leningrad and elsewhere. His performances earned him coveted Dance Magazine Award in 1958.

When Fidel Castro

Ali firmly believes that she and her dance school had been "a very important part of the Cuban revolution." She wanted her dancers to the beauty and excitement of ballet to the workers of this country, and farmers who had virtually no experience artistic expression.

Because of its intense and passionate affiliation with the new Communist

When the Vietnam War

Alonso danced solos in Europe

Alonso continued to serve as director of the National Ballet of Cuba in the early Siglo XXI. Many books have been written about the dancer, Alicia Alonso: "At home and abroad (1970), Alicia Alonso: The Story a dancer (1979), Alicia Alonso: a passionate life of the dance (1984), and Alicia Alonso: First Lady of the Dance (1993). In an interview in November 2003 on the steps prior to a performance National Ballet of Cuba in San Diego, Calif., she exclaimed: "I am so happy to be here. And I'm happy when I'm on stage. The stage is where a dancer either, if only to walk or sit. I feel comfortable on stage. "

As a director and principal dancer with Ballet Nacional Cuba, Alicia Alonso has been an inspiration and a guide for new generations of Cuban dancers. With his consummate style, which has left its mark on the international dance. Some of his former students now are more famous dance

(1977). She has served as a juror in international dance competitions in Bulgaria, Russia, Japan, Brazil and the United States.

She created her own works as The Oil Jar, Essays Symphony, and Lydia. Appears in a documentary shot on film in Cuba on her and her work Alicia

Because of his affiliation with the intense and passionate story prompted the Communist dictatorship of Batista on 1 January 1959, Castro has promised to increase the funding for the country languishing cultural programs. Encouraged by this sudden change and eager to see his homeland again, Alonso returned to Cuba in March 1959 and received $ 200,000 in funding to form a new dance school to be called the Ballet Nacional de Cuba, with guaranteed annual financial support. – Alonso has reported receiving a message from Castro in 1958 sent the Sierra Maestra, inviting him to lead the company in the triumph of the July 26 Movement .. School was officially founded 1960 .-, and in a few years its dancers have won international dance competitions. Government of Havana – the American public turned its back on dancer stars and disappeared from radar screens of cultural life. However, his company continued to strengthen their abilities and achievements, both Eastern and Western Hemisphere .-. In 1967 and 1971, played in Canada, where reviewers noted that Alonso was still the best dancer of his time. finished and Richard Nixon left office, Alonso was allowed to perform again in the United States in 1975 and 1976. An American reviewer said of the dancer, then 54, and grandmother, establishing the promise more than half sexual dancers her age. "and elsewhere, and in its 70 years, despite his near blindness became increasingly evident .– In 1995, she and several other aging National Ballet in San Francisco performed a play called in the middle of the sunset., American Ballet Theater – Ballet. Boston, San Francisco Ballet, Washington Ballet and Cincinnati Ballet .- Royal Ballet, among others. Is a Cuban prima ballerina assoluta and choreographer .- It is considered a legend and is best known for her portrayal of Giselle and Carmen. As was nineteen, Alicia was affected by lack of eye and partially blind. The partners should always be in the exact place where is expected to be, and is used in different parts of the scene lights his guide a ballet company in Cuba. "He started his career in Broadway musicals in New York .– Although plagued by vision problems, Alonso was one of the biggest stars of the Ballet Caravan and Ballet Theater.Alonson later born in Havana, Cuba .-. It was one the daughter of an army officer and his wife. The family was financially comfortable and lived in a sector of the fashion of the time, the vibrant city. Alonso said in an age early, produced an affinity for music and dance – her mother could occupy it, happily for long periods with only a phonograph, a scarf and some records. She started dancing at age nine and studied ballet at the Sociedad Pro-Arte Musical in Havana with Sofie Fedorova .-

. In June 2002 she was appointed Goodwill Ambassador UNESCO for its outstanding contribution to the development, preservation and popularization of classical dance and for his dedication to art, through which has promoted ideals of UNESCO and the brotherhood of the world's peoples and cultures. "She continues to focus her Ballet Nacional de Cuba, even if she is eighty years old and almost blind.

AWARDS:

the annual dance of 1934 Magazine Award

the Dance Magazine Award Annual, 1958

Grand Prix de la Ville de Paris, 1966

Anna Pavlova Prize of the University of Dance, Paris, 1966

Grand Prix City of Paris, in collaboration with his company, 1970

Work Order of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, 1974

Gold Medal Theater Grand Prix Grand Theater of Havana in 1985

National Dance Prize of the Ministry of Culture of Cuba, 1998

Gold Medal Circle of Fine Arts in Madrid, 1998

Pablo Picasso Medal of UNESCO for its outstanding contribution to dance, 1999

City of Paris Grand Prix, 1999

Award Benois de la Dance, 2000

Alicia Alonso to show dance was a sight to see .- His unique style that trueGenius, unable to be matched by any other dancer in the world .-

When she dances "Lake Swan was as if floating in the air, and his movements made him look like a real swan, delicate and beautiful, almost unreal.

Giselle – her favorite ballet never realized the only way I could do. – No other dancer and always willl never be able to function as did. "His policy preferences can not hide his magnificent with ART.

"ART" is art, and can not – and should not iterfere with the ability of a person to do, race haunts political preference, or orientation sexual .-

It was a real "Prima ballerina assoluta" in every sense of the term.

Eva Diaz de la Torriente

23 July 2009

About the Author

writer – political, family and other issues.